Leucovorin (Folinic Acid) and Autism: What Parents Should Know
Many parents of children with autism have heard about leucovorin as a possible treatment for autism. Here’s what it is, what research says so far, and what other options exist.
What Is Leucovorin?
Leucovorin (folinic acid) is a special form of vitamin B9 (folate).
Our bodies need folate for brain development and energy all the way down to the cellular level. Most people can use regular folic acid which is commonly found in most foods. Some people—especially those with autism—may have trouble getting enough folate into the brain. Leucovorin can sometimes bypass these problems, which is why researchers are studying it.
Why It’s Being Studied for Autism
Some children with autism have something called folate receptor antibodies.
These antibodies block folate from being converted to a usable form and thus limits the person’s ability to function at their full potential.
Folinic acid can bypass this antibody and can be accessed at the cellular level more easily for those with the antibody. Researchers wondered if it might help improve communication, learning, and social skills in those children. Current research is promising, but still requires more data.
What Research Shows
Several small studies have tested leucovorin in children with autism:
- Some studies foundimprovements in speech, communication, and social interaction, especially in children who tested positive for folate receptor antibodies.
- Not every child improved, and results varied from mild to moderate changes.
While results are promising, doctors say we still need more long-term studies before leucovorin becomes a standard treatment for autism. Researchers recommend checking for the folic acid receptor antibody before treating with any medication.
How to get your child tested for Folic Acid Receptor Antibodies?
- Arrange for testing through FRATnow.com
- Enroll in a study - currently SARRC is conducting a study regarding tests for FRAA (Folic Acid Receptor AutoAntibody)
What Are the Alternatives to Leucovorin?
The first line treatment for autism is behavioral therapies. Other vitamin options and supplements have been looked at. Here are some.
| Option | What It Is | Notes |
|---|---|---|
|
Regular folic acid or methylfolate |
Common vitamin B9 supplements. |
May help if your child doesn’t have folate transport issues, but not as effective if there’s a receptor problem or some other problem processing the folic acid. |
|
Vitamin B12 (methylcobalamin) |
Works with folate in the body. |
Sometimes used with folinic acid; some small studies show benefits. |
|
Balanced nutrition and omega-3s |
Support brain and body health. |
Helps overall well-being, though evidence for autism symptoms is mixed. |
|
Behavioral therapies (ABA, speech, OT) |
Non-medical core treatments. |
Still the most proven and recommended support for autism. |
What the Research Shows So Far
A number of studies have looked at leucovorin in children with autism. Here’s what they’ve found:
- Communication and social skills: Some studies show improvement in speech, language, and social interaction — especially in children who have folate receptor antibodies.
- Behavior: Some children showed reduced irritability and better focus or flexibility.
- Behavior: Some children showed reduced irritability and better focus or flexibility.
- Safety: Most children tolerate leucovorin well. Mild side effects can include stomach upset, trouble sleeping, or brief changes in mood or energy.
Most studies lasted 3–6 months.
While these early results are encouraging, experts agree that leucovorin is not a cure for autism and that more long-term studies are needed.
